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Program Termination
If a program is terminated at the middle of execution in UNIX, What will happen to the program?
UncaAlby
- May 16th, 2010
Nothing, actually. The OS will halt program execution, retrieve whatever resources the program was using, close whatever files it had open, and go back to doing everything else an OS does. If there is...
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UNIX File Access
The syntax of command statement in UNIX 10. If the permission for a file is 000, then the file can be accessed by whom?
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What is the use of ‘grep’ command?
‘grep’ is a pattern search command. It searches for the pattern, specified in the command line with appropriate option, in a file(s). Syntax : grep Example : grep 99mx mcafile
cutesree
- Jun 3rd, 2010
When you want to display the lines which do not start with #, then give following command ,grep -v "^#" file1.txtif you want to serach recursively in all the directories , then give ,grep -r "string"
muru
- Nov 21st, 2006
Grep - stands for Globally Search a Regular Expression and Print. It is used to search a given string/pattern under the given path and list out all the occurances of it in a file or set of...
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What are the kernel parameters?
RamaGiri
- Jun 11th, 2010
Kernel parameters are:1) /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem2) /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm3) /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file -max4) /sbin/sysct -a | grep ip_local_port_rangel
shobhitcs
- Jan 14th, 2008
Please specify it ...its not working with sun soleris version 9.0..its saying command not find
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How to copy a file from Remote AIX server to my local windows desktop
I am logging to remote AIX server, i want to copy a file from that server to local windows desktop. How can i do this?
tonan
- Jul 3rd, 2009
Usually you can ftp to transfer files from one system to another, but ftp uses plain text passwords, therefore you can use scp ( secured copy protocol)unix/linux its inbuilt : scpwindows : pscpso from...
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What are the different process states?
russpark
- Sep 29th, 2010
This varies by individual Operating System Vendor (AIX, HPUX, etc...) -here's what the man page for the ps command in hpux 11i v1 says: &...
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What can be possible is + is there in host.equiv file ?
Answer: Any remote or local host users can login without any password Rsh and rcp is possible for all users
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Hard link and Soft link
What is the difference between hard link and soft link?
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BijaylaxmiMohapatra- Member Since Nov-2008 | Nov 29th, 2008
Hard Link
when a file is copied, both the original and copy occupy separate space on the disk.
unix allows a file to have more than one name and yet maintain a single copy on the disk. The file is then said to have more than one link or name, but all have the same inode number. This is called hard link. All attributes are identical any modification or change in one file is automatically available in the linked file. It provides some protection against accidental deletion. Let there be a file named restore.sh. You need to create another file which provides?as backup to the original file. By creating a link, you create a backup.
unix command used to create hard link?>>ln- backup.sh restore.sh
Soft Link
It doesn't have the file's content but simply provids pathname of that automatically has the contents. This is called as softlink. but incase the original file is deleted we can't get the file's content from the linked file, coz, it just provides the path name of the file. This is also known as symbolic link. Windows shortcuts?are more like symbolic links. The original file and the linked files have different inode nos.
Unix command used to create soft link>>ln-sswad_bittu
- Dec 21st, 2010
Hard Link1. Both the file and link have same inode numbers.2. If the original file is deleted, link also deleted?.3. Cannot be used to link file on another file system.4. Cannot be used to link direc...
BijaylaxmiMohapatra
- Nov 29th, 2008
Hard Linkwhen a file is copied, both the original and copy occupy separate space on the disk.unix allows a file to have more than one name and yet maintain a single copy on the disk. The file is then ...
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How do you restore deleted files in unix
neelimaracha
- Feb 22nd, 2011
If they are old files, they will be in snapshot directory Goto the directory, at which files were deleted and do cd .snapshot.Files will be present according to the dates in the respective folders lik...
poornimay
- May 22nd, 2008
Using debugfs we can restore the deleted file provided if we know the inode no. of the same file
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Explain kill() and its possible return values?
There are four possible results from this call:‘kill()’ returns 0. This implies that a process exists with the given PID, and the system would allow you to send signals to it. It is system-dependent whether the process could be a zombie.‘kill()’ returns -1, ‘errno == ESRCH’ either no process exists with the given PID, or security enhancements are causing the system to deny its existence. (On some...
csbhaskar
- Mar 4th, 2011
As we all know kill command sends a signal to the kernel. This signals are of 64 types. To list all these signals you can use kill -l. Signal no 1 -31 can be invoked by user, whereas, signal no 34-64 ...
satyam.kumar2008
- Aug 9th, 2008
Kill is one of the command in UNIX/LINux which allow user to kill/terminate one process ID or multiple processes IDs.Syntax:$kill -[options] PID$kill -9 754425The kill command send the specified signal to the specified process or process group
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When Grub is crashed then how i start the linux os?
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How to set Windows as Default OS when Dual Booting Ubuntu?
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suji- Member Since Sep-2005 | Apr 12th, 2011
Command is - sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
This will show output as -
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
# the entry number 0 is the default if the command is not used.
#
# You can specify 'saved' instead of a number. In this case, the default entry
# is the entry saved with the command 'savedefault'.
# WARNING: If you are using dmraid do not change this entry to 'saved' or your
# array will desync and will not let you boot your system.
default 0
The important line is the last one. You will need to change that number 0 to match the Windows boot section. Typically it's always going to be 4 on a default dual-boot configuration. Change this value to 4, and then save and reboot your machine. You should go into Windows instead of Ubuntu automatically.
suji
- Apr 12th, 2011
Command is - sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lstThis will show output as - ## default num# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and# the entry number 0 is the default ...
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Find Open Ports
What UNIX command do you use to find out the open ports in a system?
Sunnyman
- Jun 29th, 2010
To determine which ports are open in Unix AIX v 6+, follow these steps: 1. Identify the services by using the netstat command as follows: # netstat -af inet The following is an example of this comman...
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What is the default run level in IBM AIX? What are the 4 fields in Inittab file? How to see runlevel of unix system? Describes difference types of runlevel?
Rajasekar Munuswamy
- May 18th, 2011
Default Runlevel : 2 4 Fields : "Identifier:Runlevel:Action:Command"# who -r 2 to 9
Namdeo Patil
- Jul 20th, 2010
Default run level in IBM AIX is 2, 4 fields in Inittab file : id:runlevel:action:command
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What are the various permissions a directory can have?
dipayan_abdur
- Jun 19th, 2011
Read ,Write and Execute. Its just that in case of directories, execute right to a user means he can access the directory.
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UNIX Shell History File
Looking at history file in unix shell for a user, find 5 most often used commands.
amitkshirsagar
- Jul 18th, 2011
Try following- it will give you top most used commands along with the count of how many times they have been used:
"history | awk '{print $2}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -5".
Gave me following output on my machine:
166 ls
156 cd
53 pwd
21 clear
10 history
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Fetch Records from a File
What is the command to fetch first 10 records in a file?
sunil
- Jul 27th, 2011
Command as follows
HEAD -10 filename
and for lower records
TAIL -10 filenamesrnayak17
- May 20th, 2010
It would be always safe to use 'sed command'sed -n '1-10p' filename > outputfile
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CPU Utilization Time
By using which command can you find the CPU utilization time?
abdas
- Jul 31st, 2011
$ iostat
tty 2/md300 2/md301 2/md302 2/md303 cpu
tin tout kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv kps tps serv us sy wt id
0 4819 0 0 4 292 15 3 1 0 3 0 0 4 67 10 0 22nelgin
- Apr 6th, 2011
Top shows you current, if you want historical information, and it's configured, you can use sar.
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Superuser Privilege
How will you assign superuser privilege to an ordinary user temporarily?
abdas
- Jul 31st, 2011
Command su to be used for Acquiring superuser status
Suppose you are already logged in with a username juliet, you can get the superuser status like below.
$ su
Password: ******** -> roots password. But this is not temporary.
thumbeti
- Mar 22nd, 2011
There are 2 to do this.1) Edit /etc/passwd file by chaning the UID of the required user to "0" This makes normal user as superuser2) Using "sudo", ordinary user can execute any command with superuser privileges.
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UNIX Interview Questions
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