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Private Members
How can we access private members of classs?
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Bottom-Up Approach
Why we follow top down approach in C-language and bottom up approach in C++?Explain in detail.
random viewer
- Jun 11th, 2012
The question is wrong. In most cases, regardless of the language, top down is the better approach. Actually TDD forces this. You must first know what you want, that is, how the client code will use it, before you can design it. Always top down. Just remember that.
Paul_Singh
- Feb 7th, 2012
When designing solution in an object orientated language you start by defining the lowest key players, or entities, and then begin describing how they interact. This is bottom up. In C which is a func...
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Classes
Why should you generally pass an object of the class to a friend function as a reference parameter?Choose one answer. a. if the friend function changes the values of the data member(s) b. if the friend function will not change the values of the data member(s) c. It is more efficient to pass the object by reference. d. A and B e. A and C
ishanaditya
- Sep 1st, 2014
Lets just say you shouldn't seriously consider a company where you get asked this question :)
robertgbjones
- Aug 5th, 2014
Friend-ness and reference vs value parameter semantics are completely disconnected issues. You use refernces if you want changes to the parameter to be visible at the call site, and use copy if not. I...
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What are the different way of creating object in c++ ?
NikunjSingh
- Feb 23rd, 2012
1. using normal object creation: Shape obj; 2. copy ctor: Shape obj2=obj;// or Shape obj3(obj); 3. using new operator;
Code- #include <iostream>
- "Shape...""Copy called""new....""allocation fail : no free memory"
Isaac
- Feb 21st, 2012
1. Create on stack. i.e. ClassA varA;
2. Create on heap. i.e. ClassA *ptrA = new ClassA;What are the key differences between C & C++
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Editorial / Best Answer
SARAVANAN SIVAJI- Member Since Aug-2007 | Aug 1st, 2007
The main difference between C and C++ are:
1. C is a procedural language whereas C++ is a non-procedural language.
2. C gives importance to functions (methods) whereas C++ gives importance to both functions and data.
3. C allows the data to flow around the functions freely whereas C++ wraps up the data and functions together, due to that datas were not allowed to flow around freely in C++. This is said to be Encapsulation in C++
Other differences, ( actucally there is lot to mention......here are the two )1. C allows struct, union, and enum types to be declared in function prototypes, whereas C++ does not.
2. A struct, union, or enum declaration in C++ declares an implicit typedef, while in C it does not
SARAVANAN SIVAJI
- Aug 1st, 2007
One more point: we can include..........In C, the members in the struct, by default, public.In C++, the members in the class, by default, private.
SARAVANAN SIVAJI
- Aug 1st, 2007
The main difference between C and C++ are:1. C is a procedural language whereas C++ is a non-procedural language.2. C gives importance to functions (methods) whereas C++ gives importance t...
What is placement new?
sachin_mundhra
- Dec 18th, 2009
Using placement new operator user can allocate memory in a specific memory address. Example: SomeClass at a particular memory address stored in a pointer type variable named pmem new(pmem) SomeClass;
vidhudatta
- Sep 23rd, 2009
Placement syntax allows programmers to explicitly specify memory management of objects. The placement versions of new operator is called placement new.
Can we generate a C++ source code from the binary file?
vladatzar
- Oct 29th, 2010
It is NOT possible!Binary file can be ONLY dissasembled to Assembler Source Code.C# CAN be decompiled and can give proper C# Source code, but this is because C# is more like interpreter and .NET ...
sanjay Maheshwari
- Sep 17th, 2010
It is possible technically, because high level language codes converted into low
level, so there are some ways to converts this low level to high level..For
Example 2 - 0000 0010so it can be converted 0000 0010..There
are some software which are used in private areas.Why array index starts from 0[zero] only?
laxmanmanne
- Jun 23rd, 2010
This boils down to the concept of Binary digits. Take an array size of 64 for example. We start from 0 and end at 63. We require 6 bits.But, if we were to start from 1 and end at 64, we would require 7 bits to store the same number, thus increasing the storage size.
Nisikant
- Jan 30th, 2009
The array is terminated by a NULL character. Hence for array elements the space will be length-1. suppose you have 5 elements in an array. The last position is occupied by NULL character, then space a...
What is operator overloading?what r the advantages of operator overloading?
yunisha pandey
- Jan 14th, 2015
And what are the disadvantages of operator overloading???
Nisikant
- Jan 30th, 2009
When the operator operates on the user defined data type or operands behaves same as it operates on inbuilt data type that mechanism is known as operator overloading. The operator that performs the sp...
What is the difference between operator new and the new operator?
sachin_mundhra
- Dec 18th, 2009
Operator new works like malloc. Example:int *n; n = (int*) operator new(sizeof(int)); New Operator does the following:1) Calculate the memory 2) Allocate memory using operator new 3) Call the Constructor
satheesh83
- Oct 16th, 2009
New operator allows to allocate a memory from the heap, so a new instance of a class is created but operator New is used to overload the (new) operator just like overloading of other operators. A...
What is difference between followin intialization.int iVar1;int iVar2 = int();and which one of two should we prefer always and why?
mucdull
- Nov 17th, 2008
int iVar1; // iVar1 is never initializedint iVar2 = int(); // iVar2 will always be initialized with some initial valueThe latter should be used becaus...
Anil
- May 21st, 2007
Dependsif use in main both will get initialize to '0'.ie: global if use inside a function (local) iVar1 will be garbage, iVar2 will be initialised to '0';
How to multiply a varible x (int) by 7, without using multiplication & addition ?
bapu_60
- Feb 20th, 2008
Multiplication is a costly operation,costlier than bit operations.So,it is a better practice to use bit operation that is << for multiplication and >> for divsion when you are multiplying with a factor of 2 otherwise its not suggested.
praveennext
- Jan 3rd, 2007
This can be a generic solution for x*y without using *.while(y>>=1){if(y | 1) tot+=x; x<<=1; }or,for( ; y ; y>=1, x<<=1 ) if(y | 1) tot+=x;or even stupid like, while(x--) tot+=y; ;-)May be a brain teaser, but this may eat time.
What is virtual base class?
daljit.mca
- Aug 25th, 2010
Suppose you have two derived classes B and C that have a common base class A, and you also have another class D that inherits from B and C. You can declare the base class A as virtual to ensure that B and C share the same subobject of A.Dj.Maan
dasam
- Mar 29th, 2007
If we are working with multiple inheritance, it is always better to make the base class as virtual inorder to avoid the multiple copies of the base class data. :)
Explain why encapsulation is required?
Niranjan.ambati
- May 8th, 2009
Encpasulation is the process of packaging the classes into the public interfaces and private implementation,?so that, any changes in the code will not?effect the implmentation. The interfaces?shoul...
r v p
- May 7th, 2008
Encapsulation is an OOP principle of placing the data and functionality within a single entity. This is so that all the functions that access the internal representation of the data type must be part of the data type definition.
Why an empty Structure will occupy 2Bytes in C++
dkuy1
- Aug 9th, 2009
The Standard C++ language definition says: A class with an empty sequence of members and base class objects is an empty class. Complete objects and member sub-objects of an empty class type shall h...
What does this function do:
What does this function do:string f(const string &x) { return x.empty()? x : f(x.substr(1)) + x[0];}What does this piece of code perform:char *a=...., *b=....;while(*b++ = *a++);
shantanu_hbd
- Apr 25th, 2009
Second function is copying 'a' to 'b' provided that 'a' should be a null terminated string.
santhosh.kanchanapally
- Feb 17th, 2009
Char *a="hai", *b="san";while(*b++ = *a++);This program leads to crash, as we are assigning one memory location to other memory location.
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