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In function and procedure the parameter pass is "call by value" or "call by reference"?
krishnaindia2007
- May 3rd, 2008
IN :- actual parameter is passed by reference (a pointer to the value is passed in) OUT:- actual parameter is passed by value (a copy of the value is passed out) unless NOCOPY is specified I...
ashwinee2
- Apr 11th, 2008
Take this:IN parameters are passed by reference, so the value cannot be changed in the procedure and functions.Out and IN-OUT parameters are passed by value, so the values can be changed inthe procedures and fucnctions.
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What is diffrence between IS and AS in procedure?
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Mention the differences between aggregate functions and analytical functions clearly with examples?
krishnaindia2007
- May 3rd, 2008
Group functions returns one result per each group of the result setWhere as analytical functions returns multi rows per each group i.e. using analytical functions we may display group results along with individual rows.
dev
- Dec 19th, 2006
Thank u Rampratap.Dev
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What are mutating tables?
When a table is in state of transition it is said to be mutating. eg :: If a row has been deleted then the table is said to be mutating and no operations can be done on the table except select.
krishnaindia2007
- May 3rd, 2008
Mutate means chage. Mutating table is a table that is being modified by update, delete or insert statement.
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How to create a constraint for a tablecolumn which is already created
krishnaindia2007
- May 3rd, 2008
To add primary key or unique key constraint Alter table tablename add constraint constraintname primary key / unique (column name)To add check constraint Alter table tablename add constrai...
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Nested tables
How do you create nested tables?
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Package and Module
What is the difference between a package and a module?
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What is the difference between granting and creating a view?
amahanit
- Dec 1st, 2007
grand is to provide privilege on a specific object to a usereg. grand select on emp to uma;well view is a database object which is made from column of one or more tables.if u don't have ...
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Nested and Normal Table
What is the difference between Nested Table and Normal Table?
garvi.1983
- Mar 5th, 2008
Normal Table : It contain rows and columns.Each Row-Column represente only one value i.e intersection of Row-Columncreate table t1(col1 number(10), col2 varchar2(9));------>Creates normal tabl...
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What happens when commit is given in executable section and an error occurs ?please tell me what happens if exception block is committed at the last?
ae_sathis
- Feb 24th, 2008
SQL> create table d ( sl number(4), name varchar2(5)); now do the following operation:SQL> begin insert into d values ('1223123123','geekinterview'); --making insert to fail here commit; exception ...
geetha24
- Feb 9th, 2007
Whenever the exception is raised ..all the transaction made before will be commited. If the exception is not raised then all the transaction will be rolled back.
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What is autonomous Transaction? Where are they used?
shinehere
- Feb 24th, 2008
An autonomous transaction is a transaction that is started within the context of another transaction, called the parent transaction, but is independent of it.An autonomous transaction can be committed...
g_sidhu
- Feb 18th, 2008
A autonomous transaction starts with the first sql statement of the pl/sql block and ends with a commit. It starts within the context of an another transaction called parent transaction and independen...
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Pl/SQL coding help
User Interface accepts the Employee information and this data needs to be compared with the existing data and the differences needs to be populated through a Pl/SQL table.Create a type (EMP_DATA) to populate the Employee table data.Create a type (ERR_TABLE) with the following attributes:ERR_NO NUMBER,ERR_COLUMN VARCHAR2(50),ERR_RESULT VARCHAR2(500)Create a package USER5_PKG1 with two procedures....
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Oracle - Could not find the Program unit
While i compiled my code , it got compiled but while running my application i got the Oracle error "Could not find the Program unit ? "Can any one tell exactly why this happens.I had validated all the objects and even released all the Locked objects . But still this error persisted .
binurajnair
- Feb 20th, 2008
This error can occur in the following scenario also. The application has a constant connection with the database and a package which the application uses gets recompiled. And the recompiled package co...
raj_imr2000
- Jan 15th, 2008
Hi,ORA-06508:PL/SQL: could not find program unit being calledCause:An attempt was made to call a stored program that could not be found. The program may have been dropped or incompatibly modified, or ...
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What is the disadvantage of out paramter in functions
g_sidhu
- Feb 19th, 2008
We cant use functions with OUT parameter in sql statements because there is no way for you to declare a variable in a SQL query and in order to call an IN OUT -- you need a local variable (to supply a value to be read from and to supply a place to put the out value into).
ramaswamy
- Sep 26th, 2007
Functions with "out" parameters?cannot be used in?SQL statments however I disagree with you?rajeev because functions without parameters can also be called in select statments as long as they havea return()?(Eg: SYSDATE)
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Pragma Init Exception
What is Pragma Init Exception ? what is difference between user defined exception and init pragma exception. what is the use of it.
g_sidhu
- Feb 19th, 2008
You trap a nonpredefined Oracle server error by declaring it first, or by using the OTHERS handler. The declared exception is raised implicitly. In PL/SQL, the PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT tells the compiler...
Sachin Kale
- Nov 21st, 2007
Pragma is a compiler Directive that is process at compile time, Not at run time.In pl/sql the Pragma Exception_init tells the compiler to asociate an exception name with an oracle error number.That le...
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What is the difference between database trigger and schema trigger?
g_sidhu
- Feb 19th, 2008
Triggers on system events can be defined at the database or schema level. A trigger defined at the database level fires for all users, and A trigger defined at the schema or table level fires only when the triggering event involves that schema or table.
rampratap409
- Dec 5th, 2006
In database trigger: Trigger for a table /view is a database triggerlike ( before , insert * update, delete, insert * row level, statement level)2 * 3 * 2 = 12 + instead off tr...
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HI,What is Flashback query in Oracle9i...?
g_sidhu
- Feb 19th, 2008
Oracle9i introduced Flashback Query to provide a simple, powerful and completely non-disruptive mechanism for recovering from human errors. It allows users to view the state of data at a point in time...
joybanerjee
- Dec 26th, 2007
when ever a table is dropped the database does not release the space assotiated with it the table is kep...
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What is pragma? can any one give me the example of autonomous Transaction ?can we change the order of procedure parameter while calling procedure?
g_sidhu
- Feb 18th, 2008
A pragma is compiler directive. Pragmas are processed at compile time, not at run time. They pass information to the compiler.
g_sidhu
- Feb 2nd, 2008
Using Named & Combination Parameter passing Methods you can change the order of parameter in a procedureNamed: List actual parameters in arbitrary order by associating each with its corresponding ...
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What is Mutation of a trigger? why and when does it oocur?
g_sidhu
- Feb 18th, 2008
A mutating table is a table that is currently being modified by an UPDATE, DELETE, or INSERT statement. A table is not considered mutating for STATEMENT triggers. The triggered table itself is a mutat...
Arun Arumugam
- Jul 1st, 2006
A table is said to be a Mutating table under the following three circumstances1) When u try to do delete, update, insert into a table through a trigger and at the same time u r trying to select the sa...
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What type of binding is PL/SQL?
g_sidhu
- Feb 17th, 2008
Before a PL/SQL program can be executed, it must be compiled. The PL/SQL compiler resolves references to Oracle objects by looking up their definitions in the data dictionary. Then, the compiler assig...
chaitu
- May 27th, 2006
pl/sql uses early binding.
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