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What is friend function?
As the name suggests, the function acts as a friend to a class. As a friend of a class, it can access its private and protected members. A friend function is not a member of the class. But it must be listed in the class definition.
charlie02
- Aug 9th, 2010
Friend function is a non-member function, which can?access the private member of a given class, only if it made as the friend of that class.
MCBod
- Mar 31st, 2010
A friend function is a special function that has been granted access to the priovate members of a specific class. The class itself is responsible for declaring the friendship. It is nto affected by in...
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What is virtual base class?
daljit.mca
- Aug 25th, 2010
Suppose you have two derived classes B and C that have a common base class A, and you also have another class D that inherits from B and C. You can declare the base class A as virtual to ensure that B and C share the same subobject of A.Dj.Maan
dasam
- Mar 29th, 2007
If we are working with multiple inheritance, it is always better to make the base class as virtual inorder to avoid the multiple copies of the base class data. :)
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What is defference between constructor and destructor
srabani_mazumder
- Aug 30th, 2010
Like constructor, the destructor is a member function whose name is the same as the class name but is preceded by a tilde. For example the destructor of a class integer can be define as :- ...
ankitagujrati28
- Jul 21st, 2010
Constructor is the member of a class which is called implicitly when the instance of class is created. It allocates the memory to data.Same as destrutor is also a member of a class. It is called implicitly at the end of execution of class. It deallocates the memory.
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What is an object?
Object is a software bundle of variables and related methods. Objects have state and behavior.
srabani_mazumder
- Aug 30th, 2010
The term object means a combination of data and logic that represents some real world entity.
rajangidwani
- Jul 20th, 2009
An object is an instance of the class through which we can access the methods and class variables
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Binary Search Algorithm
Why Binary Search Algorithm is a device and conquer based algorithm?
mayankjain477
- Sep 21st, 2010
Binary search algorithm is divide and conquer because in this algorithm, we simply reduces the size of search interval to half in each successive iteration by simply compares the mid value to the key...
ManiCPP
- Apr 2nd, 2010
You probably meant 'Divide and Conquer'. This means you can recursively split your problem into smaller problems of the same type, until you reach a stage where you can solve your problem dire...
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Program Crash
When can it happen that before calling main function itself program gets crashed?
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
I agree.However, there is a difference between global and static. Global objects have global linkage and can be referenced anywhere in the program. Static objects can have access restricted to the file or function where they are defined.
THenry
- Sep 8th, 2010
All global static objects will be created before main().Program has problem to instantiate them.
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Memory Allocation
Why is it suggested not to use malloc() or calloc() in C++ for memory allocation?
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
There may be a clash between malloc() and new as they don't HAVE to use the same heap library routines. Also, for arrays of classe objects, new invokes the default constructor. For single class objects new allows you to choose a different constructor.
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What is memory leaking in c++ ?
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
A memory leak in C++ is generally caused by not understanding the language.The std::auto_ptr<class> or similar should be used whenever allocating objects on the heap using new. This is essential...
SomGollakota
- Jun 13th, 2007
Memory leak is - dynamically allocating memory and forgeting to free it. In C++, using a new operator to allocate a chunk of memory, and forgetting to delete it. There are several reasons this could o...
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Smart Pointers
What is Smart Pointer in C++?
ajrobb
- Sep 23rd, 2010
Something like std::auto_ptr<> template class. These are essential in objects with more than one item on the heap. If a constructor fails, previously allocated objects and base classes are destr...
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Placement New Syntax
How can a C++ developer use the placement new syntax to make new allocate an object of class SomeClass at a particular memory address stored in a pointer type variable named pmem?A. new SomeClass(pmem);B. new(pmem) SomeClass;C. new SomeClass pmem;D. new pmem SomeClass;E. new (pmem, SomeClass);
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
BWhere you use placement new, it is important to explicitly call the destructor for the object before re-using the memory.Fred * fred = new(pmem) Fred();...fred->~Fred();fred = 0;George * george(pmem) George();
akash_saxena
- Dec 22nd, 2009
It is B. new(pmem) SomeClass;pmem points to the memory which shall be used.
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Reverse A Linked List
What is the most efficient way to reverse a linklist?
shantanu_hbd
- Apr 25th, 2009
#include<iostream.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>class Node{ public: int data; Node(int data); Node *next; void display();};Node::Node(int data){&nb...
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Using Inheritance
Using inheritance, which of the following is not alloweda) Changing implementation of operation in parent by the subclassb) Using implementation of operation in parent class by the subclassc) Using attributes in parent class by the subclassd) Having operations is subclass which do not exist in parent classe) None
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
EUsing inheritance, which of the following is not alloweda) Changing implementation of operation in parent by the subclassIf the parent defines a virtual method, the subclass can provide its own imple...
vijay.badola
- Oct 4th, 2009
We can override the implementation of parent class but we cannot change implementation from child class. So 'A' is not correct.
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Exception handling vs. return values to signal an error
Why we would use exception handling rather than different return values to signal an error?
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
When programs throw and exception, control is transferred to the innermost matching catch statement. If the exception is not caught with the program, the program terminates. All automatic variables ar...
thumbeti
- Nov 1st, 2009
Using exceptions, it becomes easy to pass multiple types?of values from a single function. Handling the exceptions is hirachical.If we dont have exceptions, it will be difficult to return multiple values from a function.
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Dynamic Binding
Why is Dynamic binding (regarding DLLs) are considered better in comparison with static binding? What are DLLs and how they work?
ajrobb
- Sep 22nd, 2010
Dynamic binding in MS Windows or shared objects in Unix are libraries compiled with position-independent code that are similar to program files. Their advantages include:1. Different programs using th...
sim_sam
- Feb 13th, 2009
While generating the binary executable, a compiler have two options:1. It can include the helper libraries (third party libraries for example) with the exe file in binary form which increases the size...
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Using Templates
What is the disadvantage of using too many templates?
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What is difference between Constant Object and Constant variable
swatichari
- Sep 30th, 2010
Constant Object is a variable of user-defined class which do not invode non-const member function.Constant variable sustains a value constant of built-in? data type.
jay
- May 16th, 2007
Constant variables are the variables whose value cannot be changed through out the programme but if any object is constant, value of any of the data members (const or non const) of that object cannot be changed through out the programme. Constant object can invoke only constant function.
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Two Dimension Array
A two dimension array can also be thought of asChoose one answer. a. Table. b. Array of arrays.c. A file.d. None of the above e. A and B
saritha1406
- Oct 13th, 2010
e A and BTwo dimensional arrays are epecially used in Computr programming & Accounting.It is represented in matrix format.
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Can you explain the term "resource acquisition is initialization?"
sonal kumar
- Oct 12th, 2010
Resource Acquisition is Initialisation or shortly RAII is a term closely connected with exception handling and automatic garbage collection(speaking loosely). RAII is defined as the technique of per...
vidhudatta
- Sep 23rd, 2009
It is the technique of performing all the necessary resource allocation in constructor only and all the cleanind in the destructor.
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Classes
Who can access private data in a class?Choose one answer. a. members of the class b. friends of the class c. everyone d. A and B
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Operators
Which of the following operators cannot be overloaded?Choose one answer. a. [ ] b. == c. . d. =
C++ Interview Questions
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